文章摘要:<正>The Madden–Julian Oscillation （MJO）[1,2] is the most prominent intraseasonal mode in the tropics and is characterized by a slow eastward phase speed, a planetary zonal scale and a period of 30–60 d. Although the main convection of the MJO is confined to the tropics, it can exert a large remote impact on weather and climate around the globe [3]. The MJO is the major source of predictability for sub-seasonal forecasts. It is therefore important to understand the fundamental dynamics of the MJO.

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